Effects of sesame (<i>Sesamum indicum</i> L.) and bioactive compounds (sesamin and sesamolin) on inflammation and atherosclerosis: A review

Inflammation, oxidative stress, obesity, infection, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes are the main causes of atherosclerosis, which in long term lead to hardening arteries. In current study, we reviewed recent findings mechanism sesame its active compounds sesamin sesamolin regulates on atherosclerosis. Sesame can decrease lipid peroxidation affect enzymes, control balance status body. Besides modulating inflammatory cytokines, mediators signaling pathways process inflammation, such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), nuclear factor kappa light-chain enhancer activated B cells (NF-kB) peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ). decreases growth different pathogens. It fights against obesity helps reduce weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, count serum liver. addition lowering fasting blood sugar (FBS), it hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) glucose levels improves insulin function. With high content linoleic acid, α-linolenic total polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), efficiently controls plasma lipids changes profile. case maintains health endothelium through multiple mechanisms conserves response arteries vasodilation. PUFA suppresses clotting fibrinogen activity. All mentioned properties combat atherosclerosis vessels, detailed present review for sesame.